When it comes to fishing in Canada, few experiences compare to the thrill of hooking a pickerel, also known as walleye. Known for their mild, flaky meat and sporting challenge, these fish are a prized catch for anglers of all skill levels. But to increase your chances of success, you need to know where to find them—and that means understanding their habitats.
This guide dives deep into pickerel habitats across Canada. From their preferred environments to the regions where they thrive, you’ll learn everything you need to locate and catch these remarkable fish.
What Makes Pickerel Unique?
Pickerel (walleye) belong to the perch family and are easily recognized by their olive-green bodies, sharp teeth, and signature reflective eyes. These eyes help them hunt in low-light conditions, making them highly effective predators. Pickerel are most active during dawn, dusk, and overcast days, which is why timing plays a crucial role in your fishing experience.
Understanding pickerel behavior means appreciating their dependence on specific conditions. These fish favor cooler water temperatures, moderate currents, and habitats that offer them protection and an abundance of prey.
The Preferred Habitats of Pickerel
When searching for pickerel, it’s important to consider the type of environment they are most likely to inhabit. These fish aren’t wanderers—they tend to settle in specific locations that meet their survival needs. Here’s what you need to know.
1. Depths and Temperature
Pickerel are cool-water fish, preferring temperatures between 10°C (50°F) and 20°C (68°F). During the spring and fall, they are often found in shallow areas, but as the water warms in summer, they move to deeper waters, typically between 10 and 20 feet. Deep pools, underwater drop-offs, and ledges are excellent places to find them.
For example, in the summer, pickerel might congregate in areas where cool groundwater enters a lake or where the thermocline—a distinct temperature layer—forms.
2. Weed Beds and Vegetation
Pickerel thrive in areas with substantial weed cover. Aquatic vegetation provides them with both food and shelter. They use these weeds as camouflage to ambush their prey, such as minnows and smaller fish. Look for pickerel in areas with submerged vegetation, such as weed beds, lily pads, and reeds.
Pro Tip: Use jigging or trolling techniques near weed lines to get their attention without getting your lure stuck.
3. Rocky and Gravel Areas
Pickerel are also drawn to rocky outcroppings and gravel bottoms, particularly during spawning season in the spring. These areas provide excellent shelter for their eggs. Outside of the spring spawn, rocky points, reefs, and riverbeds can also harbor pickerel looking for prey or cooler water temperatures.
4. Currents and Flowing Water
Rivers and streams are another hotspot for pickerel, especially in areas with moderate currents. They tend to gather around eddies, where fast-moving water slows down, creating feeding opportunities. Dams, bridges, and the mouths of rivers flowing into larger bodies of water are high-potential spots.
5. Low-Light Environments
Pickerel are nocturnal hunters and have incredible vision in low-light conditions. They tend to retreat to shaded areas during bright, sunny days and come out to hunt during dawn, dusk, or nighttime. Overcast weather days can also prompt them to become more active during daylight hours.
Regions in Canada Where Pickerel Thrive
Canada’s vast network of lakes, rivers, and reservoirs offers ideal habitats for pickerel. From Ontario to the Prairies, here’s a breakdown of some key regions where you can find these prized fish:
1. Ontario
Ontario is often hailed as one of the best places in the world for walleye fishing. Iconic spots like Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, and Lake Nipissing are teeming with pickerel. The abundance of lakes with rocky shorelines, weed beds, and deep pockets makes Ontario a haven for pickerel enthusiasts.
The French River and Bay of Quinte are especially popular, with abundant walleye populations and plenty of charter options for guided trips.
2. Manitoba
Manitoba’s lakes consistently produce trophy-sized pickerel. Lake Winnipeg is a standout destination thanks to its vast size and thriving walleye population. Ice fishing for pickerel is particularly popular here during the winter. Other notable spots include Lake Manitoba and the Winnipeg River.
3. Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan offers countless hidden gems for pickerel fishing. Tobin Lake, situated near Nipawin, is one of Canada’s top destinations for catching record-breaking walleye. The province boasts crystal-clear waters, making it appealing for both newbies and seasoned anglers alike.
4. Alberta
While pickerel aren’t as widely distributed in Alberta compared to central Canada, there are still solid opportunities to catch them. Lesser Slave Lake and Sylvan Lake are two go-to spots, with plenty of shallow bays and rocky drop-offs.
5. Quebec
Quebec’s waters also house significant populations of pickerel. The Outaouais region and Lac Saint-Pierre are prime spots for anglers seeking a steady supply of walleye. Additionally, Quebec’s fishing culture ensures access to guides and lodges tailored for an unforgettable fishing experience.
6. The Atlantic Provinces
Although not their primary habitat, pickerel have been introduced to certain lakes in Atlantic Canada, such as Nova Scotia’s Lake Ainslie. These smaller water bodies still make for rewarding day trips.
Essential Tools and Tips for Pickerel Fishing
Now that you know where to find pickerel, here are a few essential tips to help you make the most of your expedition:
1. Use the Right Gear
- Rods: A medium-action spinning rod is ideal for pickerel fishing.
- Reels: Pair your rod with a spinning reel for consistent casting and control.
- Line: Use a 6-12 lb monofilament or fluorocarbon line, as pickerel have sharp teeth that can bite through weaker lines.
- Lures: Jigs, crankbaits, and spinnerbaits are all effective for targeting pickerel. Live bait such as minnows or leeches works wonders.
2. Pay Attention to the Weather
Overcast days, calm waters, and low-light conditions are ideal for pickerel fishing. A drop in barometric pressure, such as before a storm, often triggers feeding behavior in walleye.
3. Experiment with Techniques
Jigging, trolling, and casting are all effective methods. Try experimenting with different techniques to find what works best based on the conditions and location.
4. Practice Patience
Pickerel can be finicky, especially in overfished areas. Persist with varying lure presentations and fishing depths until you find the sweet spot.
Maximize Your Pickerel Fishing Adventure
With their unique habitats and elusive behavior, pickerel present an exciting challenge for anglers. Whether you’re exploring the weed beds of Ontario or navigating the rivers of Manitoba, understanding their preferences is key to increasing your chances of success. Canada’s diverse waterways offer endless opportunities to catch and appreciate these sought-after fish.
Looking to take your fishing game to the next level? Join local fishing communities or participate in guided tours to learn insider tips from seasoned anglers. The more you explore, the better your chances of landing an unforgettable catch.
Happy fishing!